@book{haunschildEnhancingCitizensRole2025a,
address = {Darmstadt, Germany},
title = {Enhancing {Citizens}’ {Role} in {Public} {Safety}: {Interaction}, {Perception} and {Design} of {Mobile} {Warning} {Apps}},
publisher = {Dissertation (Dr. rer. nat.), Department of Computer Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin},
year = {2025},
keywords = {Crisis, HCI, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY, Dissertation},
}

@book{haunschildEnhancingCitizensRole2025,
address = {Wiesbaden, Germany},
title = {Enhancing {Citizens}’ {Role} in {Public} {Safety}: {Interaction}, {Perception} and {Design} of {Mobile} {Warning} {Apps}},
publisher = {Springer Vieweg},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin},
year = {2025},
keywords = {Crisis, HCI, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY, DissPublisher},
}

@article{haunschildBreakingBarriersWarning2025,
title = {Breaking {Down} {Barriers} to {Warning} {Technology} {Adoption}: {Usability} and {Usefulness} of a {Messenger} {App} {Warning} {Bot}},
volume = {24},
copyright = {De Gruyter expressly reserves the right to use all content for commercial text and data mining within the meaning of Section 44b of the German Copyright Act.},
issn = {2196-6826},
shorttitle = {Breaking down barriers to warning technology adoption},
url = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/icom-2024-0067/html},
doi = {10.1515/icom-2024-0067},
abstract = {In crisis situations, citizens' situational awareness is paramount for an effective response. While warning apps offer location-based alerts, their usage is relatively low. We propose a personalised messaging app channel as an alternative, presenting a warning bot that may lower adoption barriers. We employ the design science research process to define user requirements and iteratively evaluate and improve the bot's usability and usefulness. The results showcase high usability, with over 40\% expressing an interest in utilising such a warning channel, stressing as reasons the added value of proactive warnings for personalised locations while not requiring a separate app. The derived requirements and design solutions, such as graphically enhanced user interface elements as guardrails for effective and error-free communication, demonstrate that a suitable warning chatbot does not necessarily require complex language processing capabilities. Additionally, our findings facilitate further research on accessibility via conversational design in the realm of crisis warnings.},
language = {en},
number = {1},
journal = {i-com – Journal of Interactive Media},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Henkel, Markus and Reuter, Christian},
month = feb,
year = {2025},
note = {Publisher: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag},
keywords = {Crisis, HCI, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY, emergenCITY\_INF, emergenCITY\_SG},
}

@article{haunschildDigitallyMediatedTransitional2024,
title = {Towards a {Digitally} {Mediated} {Transitional} {Justice} {Process}? {An} {Analysis} of {Colombian} {Transitional} {Justice} {Organisations}’ {Posting} {Behaviour} on {Facebook}},
volume = {30},
issn = {1082-7307},
url = {https://nsuworks.nova.edu/pcs/vol30/iss2/4/},
abstract = {In Colombia, Transitional Justice (TJ) institutions were established after years of violent conflict as part of the 2016 peace agreement between the FARC and the Colombian government. By analysing the posting behaviour of the government-appointed TJ institutions on Facebook, we show how general TJ aims and opportunities for citizen participation were promoted in 2019. Our analysis reveals that the organisations rarely address topics related to reconciliation and that active online participation and two-way communication are rather scarce. Instead, Facebook is mainly used by the TJ organisations to increase solidarity with victims and disseminate information about their work and the TJ process. Reflecting on existing literature on TJ and social media participation, we identify great potential for expanding TJ goals and community engagement on social media, to use it as a resource for facilitating the TJ processes, creating exchange, and enabling participation.},
number = {2},
journal = {Peace and Conflict Studies},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Guntrum, Laura and Cerrillo, Sofía and Bujara, Franziska and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2024},
keywords = {SocialMedia, Student, Peace, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban},
}

@article{haunschildUnderstandingCrisisPreparedness2024,
title = {Understanding {Crisis} {Preparedness}: {Insights} from {Personal} {Values}, {Beliefs}, {Social} {Norms}, and {Personal} {Norms}},
volume = {21},
url = {https://ojs.iscram.org/index.php/Proceedings/article/view/19/6},
abstract = {In disasters and crises, crisis preparation at the household level is crucial for societal resilience. However, motivating citizens to take personal responsibility and to implement preparedness measures remains challenging. This study investigates the impact of values, beliefs and norms on preparedness. Through a survey in Germany on resource-oriented crisis preparedness and participants’ values, a group of more prepared and less prepared individuals was differentiated. We quantitatively analyzed the correlation between values and crisis preparedness. A quantitative analysis revealed a significant association between the value of benevolence and higher preparedness. Follow-up interviews (N=30) explored participants\&\#039; beliefs and norms, showing minimal group differences. Although crisis preparedness is generally viewed positively, strong negativity exists towards perceived “hoarders”. The study discusses implication for crisis communication and the design of nudges and persuasive systems, emphasizing intervention that can trigger benevolence to foster preparedness and appeal to the social benefits to counter the narrative of anti-social crisis preparedness.},
urldate = {2024-05-27},
journal = {Proceedings of the Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM) (Best Paper Award)},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Burger, Felix and Reuter, Christian},
month = may,
year = {2024},
note = {Section: ISCRAM Proceedings},
keywords = {Crisis, Student, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
}

@incollection{jakobiTransnationalOrganisierteKriminalitat2024,
address = {Wiesbaden},
title = {Transnational organisierte {Kriminalität} und internationale {Politik}},
isbn = {978-3-658-33953-1},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33953-1_40},
abstract = {Der Beitrag analysiert die unterschiedlichen Formen und Voraussetzungen der Bekämpfung, Verfolgung und Prävention transnational organisierter Kriminalität in der internationalen Politik. Dazu führen wir zunächst in die Definition und die Grundlagen in diesem Bereich ein, auch im Hinblick auf eine Einordnung in Debatten der Internationalen Beziehungen, bevor einzelne Politikbereiche – Drogenhandel, Menschenhandel und -schmuggel, Waffenhandel, Geldwäsche und Terrorismusfinanzierung, Konfliktmineralien – vorgestellt werden. Die Schlussfolgerungen bieten einen Ausblick in weitere Teilbereiche und erläutern die Rolle von staatlichen und nicht-staatlichen Akteuren in der Bekämpfung transnational organisierter Kriminalität.},
booktitle = {Handbuch {Internationale} {Beziehungen}},
publisher = {Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden},
author = {Jakobi, Anja P. and Haunschild, Jasmin},
editor = {Sauer, Frank and von Hauff, Luba and Masala, Carlo},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-33953-1_40},
keywords = {Peace},
pages = {1013--1037},
}

@incollection{kaufholdCulturalViolencePeace2024,
address = {Wiesbaden, Germany},
title = {Cultural {Violence} and {Peace} {Interventions} in {Social} {Media}},
url = {https://peasec.de/paper/2024/2024_KaufholdHaunschildReuter_Cultural%20Violence%20and%20Peace%20Interventions_ITPS},
abstract = {Over the last decade, social media services had an enormous impact on modern culture. They are nowadays widely established in everyday life, but also during natural and man-made crises and conflicts. For instance, Facebook was part of the Arabic Spring, in which the tool facilitated the communication and interaction between participants of political protests. On the contrary, terrorists may recruit new members and disseminate ideologies, and social bots may influence social and political processes. Based on the notions of cultural violence and cultural peace as well as the phenomena of fake news, terrorism and social bots, this exploratory review firstly presents human cultural inter-ventions in social media (e.g. dissemination of fake news and terroristic propaganda) and respective countermeasures (e.g. fake news detection and counter-narratives). Sec-ondly, it discusses automatic cultural interventions realised via social bots (e.g. astro-turfing, misdirection and smoke screening) and countermeasures (e.g. crowdsourcing and social bot detection). Finally, this chapter concludes with a range of cultural inter-ventions and information and communication technology (ICT) in terms of actors and intentions to identify future research potential for supporting situational assessments during conflicts.},
booktitle = {Information {Technology} for {Peace} and {Security} - {IT} {Applications} and {Infrastructures} in {Conflicts}, {Crises}, {War}, and {Peace}},
publisher = {Springer Vieweg},
author = {Kaufhold, Marc-André and Haunschild, Jasmin and Reuter, Christian},
editor = {Reuter, Christian},
year = {2024},
note = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44810-3\_18},
keywords = {Crisis, HCI, SocialMedia, Peace, Projekt-CYLENCE},
}

@incollection{reuterTeachingPeaceInformatics2024,
address = {Wiesbaden, Germany},
title = {Teaching {Peace} {Informatics}: {Reflections} from {Lectures} and {Exercises}},
url = {https://peasec.de/paper/2024/2024_ReuterRiebeHaunschildReinholdSchmid_TeachingPeaceInformatics_ITforPeaSec.pdf},
abstract = {Conflicts in cyberspace do not longer constitute a fictional scenario of the future. To gain a better understanding of how such conflicts are carried out, interdisciplinary research and teaching building on both computer science and peace and security studies is indispensable. Even though numerous established courses and textbooks exist in some disciplines, this does not apply to their intersection. This chapter (This chapter has been published as a paper (in German): Reuter et al. (2022)) reflects on the introduction of the interdisciplinary course “Information Technology for Peace and Security” for students of Computer Science, IT Security and Information Systems at the Technical University of Darmstadt and Peace and Conflict Research at the TU Darmstadt in cooperation with Goethe University Frankfurt. The challenges and solutions of interdisciplinary teaching are presented while the importance of this type of teaching is assessed.},
booktitle = {Information {Technology} for {Peace} and {Security} - {IT} {Applications} and {Infrastructures} in {Conflicts}, {Crises}, {War}, and {Peace}},
publisher = {Springer Vieweg},
author = {Reuter, Christian and Riebe, Thea and Haunschild, Jasmin and Reinhold, Thomas and Schmid, Stefka},
editor = {Reuter, Christian},
year = {2024},
note = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-44810-3\_21},
keywords = {Security, Peace, Infrastructure},
}

@article{haunschildPreparednessNudgingWarning2023,
title = {Preparedness {Nudging} for {Warning} {Apps}? {A} {Mixed}-{Method} {Study} {Investigating} {Popularity} and {Effects} of {Preparedness} {Alerts} in {Warning} {Apps}},
volume = {172},
issn = {1071-5819},
url = {https://peasec.de/paper/2023/2023_HaunschildPauliReuter_NudgingWarningApps_IJHCS.pdf},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2023.102995},
abstract = {Warning apps are used by many to receive warnings about imminent disasters. However, their potential for increasing awareness about general hazards and for increasing preparedness is currently underused. With a mixed-method design that includes a representative survey of the German population, a design workshop and an app evaluation experiment, this study investigates users’ preferences regarding non-acute preparedness alerts’ inclusion in crisis apps and the effectiveness of Nudging in this context. The experiment shows that while the social influence nudge had no significant effect compared to the control group without a nudging condition, the confrontational nudge increased the number of taken recommended preparedness measures. The evaluation indicates that the preparedness alerts increased users’ knowledge and their motivation to use a warning app. This motivation is, in contrast, decreased when the messages are perceived as a disruption. While many oppose push notifications, favor finding persuasively designed preparedness advice in a separate menu or as an optional notification.},
journal = {International Journal on Human-Computer Studies (IJHCS)},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Pauli, Selina and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2023},
keywords = {AuswahlCrisis, Crisis, Selected, Student, A-Paper, Ranking-ImpactFactor, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {102995},
}

@incollection{haunschildDualuseVolunteerOperations2023,
title = {Dual-use in volunteer operations? {Attitudes} of computer science students regarding the establishment of a cyber security volunteer force},
isbn = {978-83-66675-89-6},
url = {https://sciendo.com/chapter/9788366675896/10.2478/9788366675896-006},
abstract = {The digitalisation of critical infrastructure has increased the risk of large-scale cyber incidents. In contrast to the management of conventional emergencies by established civil protection organisations involving volunteers in Germany, few response capacities exist for these events. The concept of a volunteer force for cyber security could close this protection gap. However, such involvement also poses practical and ethical challenges. By conducting interviews with computer science students (N = 11), this paper analyses potential volunteers’ attitudes towards ethical implications of a cyber volunteer force, as well as practical aspects that might motivate or hinder their participation. A qualitative
content analysis reveals that students are largely unaware of potential dilemmas connected to vulnerabilities handling and national cybersecurity interests. Ethical guidelines and means of motivating and encouraging potential volunteers
are discussed.},
booktitle = {International {Symposium} on {Technikpsychologie} ({TecPsy})},
publisher = {Sciendo},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Jung, Leon and Reuter, Christian},
editor = {Nina, Gerber and Zimmermann, Verena},
year = {2023},
keywords = {Crisis, Student, UsableSec, Security, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {66--81},
}

@inproceedings{zimmermannSafeSecureInfrastructures2023,
address = {Rapperswil, Switzerland},
title = {Safe {AND} {Secure} {Infrastructures}? – {Studying} {Human} {Aspects} of {Safety} and {Security} {Incidents} with {Experts} from both {Domains}},
url = {https://dl.gi.de/items/9c1d2bd5-229f-4db0-a764-6126cf92ef5f},
doi = {10.18420/muc2023-mci-ws01-225},
abstract = {In today’s digitalized and interconnected world, the traditionally distinct concepts security and safety are increasingly intertwined. For example, a cyber attack on a hospital can negatively impact the patients’ physical safety. Thus, security research and practice should consider these interactions. To explore human-related challenges at the intersection of safety and security, we conducted three focus group workshops with N= 16 experts from both domains. We introduced two scenarios leading to a power outage, one with a safety-related cause (snow storm) and one with a security-related cause (cyber attack). The experts discussed interactions, differences and parallels in coping with the scenarios. Additionally, potential solutions for building response capacity by including volunteers were explored. The findings indicate similar consequences resulting from the safety- vs. security-related incidents. However, the experts identified relevant differences in the challenges preparing for and coping with the scenarios. While security-related challenges included the incalculable time horizon, impact and cascading effects as well as lack of emergency plans and training, safety challengesmainly concerned accessibility of the affected area. The implications for future work are discussed.},
language = {de},
booktitle = {Mensch und {Computer} 2023 - {Workshopband}},
publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},
author = {Zimmermann, Verena and Haunschild, Jasmin and Stöver, Alina and Gerber, Nina},
year = {2023},
keywords = {Security, Peace, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-GRKPrivacy},
}

@incollection{haunschildCulturalViolenceFragmentation2022,
title = {Cultural {Violence} and {Fragmentation} on {Social} {Media}: {Interventions} and {Countermeasures} by {Humans} and {Social} {Bots}},
isbn = {978-0-367-62674-7},
url = {https://peasec.de/paper/2022/2022_HaunschildKaufholdReuter_SocialMediaAndFragmentation_Routledge.pdf},
abstract = {Mobile technologies and social media services are among the socio-technological innovations that have an enormous impact transforming modern culture and political processes. Social media are often defined as a “group of internet-based applications […] that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content” (Kaplan and Haenlein 2010). Shaping opinions, politics, participation, and protest (Wulf et al. 2013), they are used by citizens for news consumption and social exchange (Robinson et al. 2017); by journalists for reporting, analyzing, and collecting information (Stieglitz et al. 2018a); and by organizations to monitor crises, emergencies, customer feedback, and sentiment, among others (Haunschild et al. 2020). Large-scale international events, such as the 2010 Arab Spring, showcased the potential of socio-technological transformations: Citizens were not passive victims but active and autonomous participants utilizing social media to coordinate protest and for crisis response (Reuter and Kaufhold 2018). However, in other cases, citizens’ activities coordinated via social media also increased the complexity of tasks and pressure for formal authorities, since the lack of state control has not had only empowering or benign effects. Instead, on social media, false information spreads fast and it is easy for groups to find an audience there, either to enhance their profit or to target vulnerable groups with dangerous ideology.},
booktitle = {Cyber {Security} {Politics}: {Socio}-{Technological} {Transformations} and {Political} {Fragmentation}},
publisher = {Routledge},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Kaufhold, Marc-André and Reuter, Christian},
editor = {Cavelty, Myriam Dunn and Wenger, Andreas},
year = {2022},
keywords = {Crisis, SocialMedia, Peace, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-CYWARN, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {48--63},
}

@inproceedings{haunschildPerceptionsUseWarning2022,
address = {New York},
title = {Perceptions and {Use} of {Warning} {Apps} – {Did} {Recent} {Crises} {Lead} to {Changes} in {Germany}?},
url = {http://www.peasec.de/paper/2022/2022_HaunschildKaufholdReuter_WarningAppsChangesGermany_MuC.pdf},
doi = {10.1145/3543758.3543770},
abstract = {Warning and emergency apps are an integral part of crisis informatics and particularly relevant in countries that currently do not have cell broadcast, such as Germany. Previous studies have shown that such apps are regarded as relevant, but only around 16\% of German citizens used them in 2017 and 2019. With the COVID-19 pandemic and a devastating flash flood, Germany has recently experienced severe crisis-related losses. By comparing data from representative surveys from 2017, 2019 and 2021, this study investigates whether these events have changed the perceptions of warning apps and their usage patterns in Germany. The study shows that while multi-hazard emergency and warning apps have been easily surpassed in usage by COVID-19 contact tracing apps, the use of warning apps has also increased and the pandemic has added new desired features. While these have been little-used during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially non-users see smartphone messengers app channels as possible alternatives to warning apps. In addition, regional warning apps appear promising, possibly because they make choosing a warning app easier when there are several available on the market.},
language = {en},
booktitle = {Mensch und {Computer} - {Tagungsband}},
publisher = {ACM},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Kaufhold, Marc-André and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2022},
keywords = {Crisis, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-CYWARN, Projekt-emergenCITY},
}

@incollection{jakobiTransnationalOrganisierteKriminalitat2022,
address = {Wiesbaden},
title = {Transnational organisierte {Kriminalität} und internationale {Politik}},
isbn = {978-3-531-19954-2},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-19954-2_40-4},
abstract = {Der Beitrag analysiert die unterschiedlichen Formen und Voraussetzungen der Bekämpfung, Verfolgung und Prävention transnational organisierter Kriminalität in der internationalen Politik. Dazu führen wir zunächst in die Definition und die Grundlagen in diesem Bereich ein, auch im Hinblick auf eine Einordnung in Debatten der Internationalen Beziehungen, bevor einzelne Politikbereiche – Drogenhandel, Menschenhandel und -schmuggel, Waffenhandel, Geldwäsche und Terrorismusfinanzierung, Konfliktmineralien – vorgestellt werden. Die Schlussfolgerungen bieten einen Ausblick in weitere Teilbereiche und erläutern die Rolle von staatlichen und nicht-staatlichen Akteuren in der Bekämpfung transnational organisierter Kriminalität.},
booktitle = {Handbuch {Internationale} {Beziehungen}},
publisher = {VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften},
author = {Jakobi, Anja P. and Haunschild, Jasmin},
editor = {Sauer, Frank and von Hauff, Luba and Masala, Carlo},
year = {2022},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-531-19954-2_40-4},
keywords = {Peace},
pages = {1--25},
}

@article{reuterZurSchnittmengeInformatik2022,
title = {Zur {Schnittmenge} von {Informatik} mit {Friedens}- und {Sicherheitsforschung}: {Erfahrungen} aus der interdisziplinären {Lehre} in der {Friedensinformatik}},
volume = {11},
issn = {2524-6976},
url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42597-022-00078-4.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s42597-022-00078-4},
abstract = {Interdisziplinäre Forschung und Lehre zwischen Informatik sowie Friedens- und Sicherheitsforschung ist vor dem Hintergrund, dass Konflikte im Cyberspace nicht mehr eine in der Zukunft liegende Fiktion, sondern eine realitätsnahe Möglichkeit darstellen, unabdingbar. Auch wenn zahlreiche etablierte Lehrveranstaltungen und Lehrbücher in der einen oder anderen Disziplin existieren, gilt dies nicht für deren Schnittmenge. Dieser Beitrag reflektiert die Einführung der in Bezug auf Thematik und Hörer*innenschaft interdisziplinären Lehrveranstaltung „Informationstechnologie für Frieden und Sicherheit“ für Studierende der Informatik, IT-Sicherheit und Wirtschaftsinformatik der Technischen Universität Darmstadt, sowie Friedens- und Konfliktforschung der TU Darmstadt in Kooperation mit der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt. Hierbei werden Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze der interdisziplinären Lehre dargestellt und die Bedeutung dieser Lehre hervorgehoben.},
number = {2},
journal = {Zeitschrift für Friedens- und Konfliktforschung (ZeFKo)},
author = {Reuter, Christian and Riebe, Thea and Haunschild, Jasmin and Reinhold, Thomas and Schmid, Stefka},
month = oct,
year = {2022},
keywords = {Security, Peace},
pages = {129--140},
}

@article{zimmermannSicherheitsherausforderungenFurSmart2022,
title = {Sicherheitsherausforderungen für {Smart} {City}-{Infrastrukturen}},
url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1365/s35764-022-00396-5.pdf},
doi = {10.1365/s35764-022-00396-5},
abstract = {Viele Städte entwickeln sich hin zu einer „Smart City“. Der Trend birgt einerseits vielfältige Potenziale für Effizienz, Nachhaltigkeit und Sicherheit. Auf der anderen Seite ergeben sich neue Herausforderungen für den Schutz städtischer Infrastrukturen und der darin befindlichen Daten vor Ausfällen und (Cyber‑)Angriffen, die in ihrer Komplexität bisher nur wenig untersucht sind.},
journal = {Wirtschaftsinformatik \& Management},
author = {Zimmermann, Verena and Haunschild, Jasmin and Unden, Marita and Gerber, Paul and Gerber, Nina},
year = {2022},
keywords = {UsableSec, Security, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban},
}

@article{egertResilientCriticalInfrastructures2021,
series = {i-com},
title = {Towards {Resilient} {Critical} {Infrastructures} - {Motivating} {Users} to {Contribute} to {Smart} {Grid} {Resilience}},
volume = {20},
url = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/icom-2021-0021/html},
doi = {10.1515/icom-2021-0021},
abstract = {Smart cities aim at improving efficiency while providing safety and security by merging conventional infrastructures with information and communication technology. One strategy for mitigating hazardous situations and improving the overall resilience of the system is to involve citizens. For instance, smart grids involve prosumers - capable of producing and consuming electricity - who can adjust their electricity profile dynamically (i.e., decrease or increase electricity consumption), or use their local production to supply electricity to the grid. This mitigates the impact of peak-consumption periods on the grid and makes it easier for operators to control the grid. This involvement of prosumers is accompanied by numerous socio-technical challenges, including motivating citizens to contribute by adjusting their electricity consumption to the requirements of the energy grid. Towards this end, this work investigates motivational strategies and tools, including nudging, persuasive technologies, and incentives, that can be leveraged to increase the motivation of citizens. We discuss long-term and side effects and ethical and privacy considerations, before portraying bug bounty programs, gamification and apps as technologies and strategies to communicate the motivational strategies to citizens.},
number = {2},
journal = {i-com - Journal of Interactive Media},
author = {Egert, Rolf and Gerber, Nina and Haunschild, Jasmin and Kuehn, Philipp and Zimmermann, Verena},
year = {2021},
keywords = {Security, Infrastructure, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-CYWARN, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {161--175},
}

@inproceedings{haunschildPerceptionsPoliceTechnology2021,
address = {Bonn},
title = {Perceptions of {Police} {Technology} {Use} and {Attitudes} {Towards} the {Police} - {A} {Representative} {Survey} of the {German} {Population}},
volume = {Mensch und Computer - Workshopband},
url = {http://www.peasec.de/paper/2021/2021_HaunschildReuter_PoliceTechnologyUseSurvey_MuC-WS.pdf},
doi = {10.18420/muc2021-mci-ws08-255},
abstract = {Many Germans perceive a brutalization of society, and state officials also report feeling under attack. At the same time, policing is criticised for becoming increasingly militarised and for having extended surveillance in the course of fighting terrorism. Advancements in HCI are used in the context of many of the issues that policing is facing. In this study, we conduct a representative survey of the German population to investigate personal experiences with and attitudes towards the police and information and communication technologies (ICT) used for policing. We find an overall positive image of the police and uncritical attitudes towards ICT used for general surveillance (body-worn cameras, video surveillance, face recognition) and slightly more critical attitudes towards personal surveillance (e.g. through communication data retention). The study indicates that perceptions differ according to experience of unfair treatment by the police, while other factors such as age and education have similar effects.},
booktitle = {Mensch und {Computer} 2021 - {Workshopband}},
publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e. V.},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2021},
keywords = {Security, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-CYWARN, Projekt-emergenCITY},
}

@inproceedings{haunschildCitizensPerceivedInformation2021,
title = {Citizens' {Perceived} {Information} {Responsibilities} and {Information} {Challenges} {During} the {COVID}-19 {Pandemic}},
url = {http://www.peasec.de/paper/2021/2021_HaunschildPauliReuter_InformationResponsibilitiesCovid19_GoodIT.pdf},
doi = {10.1145/3462203.3475886},
abstract = {In crises, citizens show changes in their information behavior, which is mediated by trust in sources, personal relations, online and offline news outlets and information and communication technologies such as apps and social media. Through a repeated one-week survey with closed and open questions of German citizens during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study examines citizens' perceptions of information responsibilities, their satisfaction with the fulfillment of these responsibilities and their wishes for improving the information flow. The study shows that the dynamism of the crisis and the federally varying strategies burden citizens who perceive an obligation to stay informed, but view agencies as responsible for making information readily available. The study contributes a deeper understanding of citizens' needs in crises and discusses implications for design of communication tools for dynamic situations that reduce information overload while fulfilling citizens' desire to stay informed.},
booktitle = {{GoodIT} '21: {Proceedings} of the {Conference} on {Information} {Technology} for {Social} {Good}},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Pauli, Selina and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2021},
keywords = {Crisis, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {151--156},
}

@article{haunschildNutzerSammlerEntscheidungstrager2021,
title = {Nutzer, {Sammler}, {Entscheidungsträger}? {Arten} der {Bürgerbeteiligung} in {Smart} {Cities}},
volume = {58},
url = {https://peasec.de/paper/2021/2021_HaunschildDemuthGeissRichterReuter_NutzerSammlerEntscheidungstragerBuergerbeteiligungSmartCities_HMD.pdf},
doi = {10.1365/s40702-021-00770-8},
abstract = {Digitalisierung ist ein präsenter Faktor in vielen Städten. So existieren bereits viele Smart-City-Initiativen, bei denen Städte versuchen, ihre Prozesse durch Erfassung und Verknüpfung von Daten, oft unter Zuhilfenahme von Datenplattformen, zu optimieren. In Anbetracht der damit einhergehenden großen Investitionen und Veränderungen wird Bürgerbeteiligung als zentraler Faktor für den Erfolg solcher Initiativen betrachtet. Bisher ist allerdings nicht klar, was typische Beteiligungsformate von Smart-City-Initiativen sind und welche Rolle(n) BürgerInnen dabei einnehmen. Dieser Beitrag leitet mittels einer Literaturanalyse zu Smart Cities ein Kategorienschema zu typischen Bürgerbeteiligungsarten ab. Die Analyse ergab, dass sich Einbindung von BürgerInnen in politische Entscheidungen und bei der Entwicklung technischer Artefakte maßgeblich auf e‑Government oder Participatory Design bezieht. Im Hinblick auf die Beteiligungsarten zeigt sich, dass Makrofabriken, Living Labs und Open-Data-Plattformen häufige Ansätze sind, um BürgerInnen als Co-Creators einzubinden. Zudem werden BürgerInnen mit Citizen Sensing zur Erfassung von Daten oder Missständen einbezogen. Dabei zeigen sich sowohl aktivere, als auch eher passive Beteiligungsarten. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Einbindung von BürgerInnen häufig entweder auf eine Beteiligung an politischen Entscheidungen oder an der Entwicklung technischer Artefakte abzielt. Auch wenn keine klare Abgrenzung möglich ist, sind diese Ansätze dann eher durch e‑Government oder Participatory Design inspiriert.},
journal = {HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Demuth, Kilian and Geiß, Henri-Jacques and Richter, Christian and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2021},
keywords = {HCI, Student, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
}

@inproceedings{haunschildBridgingCrisisEveryday2021,
address = {Virtual Event, USA},
title = {Bridging from {Crisis} to {Everyday} {Life} – {An} {Analysis} of {User} {Reviews} of the {Warning} {App} {NINA} and the {COVID}-19 {Information} {Apps} {CoroBuddy} and {DarfIchDas}},
url = {https://peasec.de/paper/2021/2021_HaunschildReuter_UserReviewsWarningCovidApps_CSCWComp.pdf},
doi = {10.1145/3462204.3481745},
abstract = {During a dynamic and protracted crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, citizens are continuously challenged with making decisionsunder uncertainty. In addition to evaluating the risk of their behav-iors to themselves and others, citizens also have to consider themost current regulation, which often varies federally and locallyand by incidence numbers. Few tools help to stay informed aboutthe current rules. The state-run German multi-hazard warningapp NINA incorporated a feature for COVID-19, while two apps,DarfIchDas and CoroBuddy, focus only on COVID-19 regulationand are privately run. To investigate users’ expectations, perceivedadvantages, and gaps as well as the developers’ challenges, we analyze recent app store reviews of the apps and developers’ replies.We show that the warning app and the COVID-19 regulation appsare evaluated on different terms, that the correctness and portrayalof complex rules are the main challenges and that developers andeditors are underusing users’ potential for crowdsourcing.},
booktitle = {{CSCW} '21 {Companion}: {Conference} {Companion} {Publication} of the 2021 on {Computer} {Supported} {Cooperative} {Work} and {Social} {Computing}},
publisher = {ACM},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2021},
keywords = {Crisis, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {72--78},
}

@techreport{haunschildCrisisInformaticsInsights2020,
address = {TECHPOPS},
title = {Crisis informatics insights for peace operations},
url = {http://www.peasec.de/paper/2020/2020_HaunschuldReuterKaufhold_CrisisInformaticsPeaceOperations_TECHPOPS.pdf},
abstract = {Crisis Informatics – a field combining computing and social science to make visible and support the creative ways in which humans use information and communication technology (ICT) to respond to crises – has made many contributions in the areas of rapid crisis management. Interactive technologies such as social media platforms or emergency apps connect and empower individuals, first responders and volunteers. In a previously published review, we show that for almost 20 years, studies have analyzed ICT in natural and man-made disasters, revealing that ICT enable new modes of communication among authorities and citizens. In this contribution, we relate crisis informatics insights concerning the involvement of citizens to peace operations and community engagement.},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Reuter, Christian and Kaufhold, Marc-André},
year = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{haunschildStickingLandlinesCitizens2020,
address = {Potsdam, Germany},
title = {Sticking with {Landlines}? {Citizens}' and {Police} {Social} {Media} {Use} and {Expectation} {During} {Emergencies}},
url = {http://www.peasec.de/paper/2020/2020_HaunschildKaufholdReuter_SocialMediaPoliceSurvey_WI.pdf},
doi = {10.30844/wi_2020_o2-haunschild},
abstract = {Crisis informatics has examined the use, potentials and weaknesses of social media in emergencies across different events (e.g., man-made, natural or hybrid), countries and heterogeneous participants (e.g., citizens or emergency services) for almost two decades. While most research analyzes specific cases, few studies have focused on citizens' perceptions of different social media platforms in emergencies using a representative sample. Basing our questionnaire on a workshop with police officers, we present the results of a representative study on citizens' perception of social media in emergencies that we conducted in Germany. Our study suggests that when it comes to emergencies, socio-demographic differences are largely insignificant and no clear preferences for emergency services' social media strategies exist. Due to the widespread searching behavior on some platforms, emergency services can reach a wide audience by turning to certain channels but should account for groups with distinct preferences.},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Wirtschaftsinformatik} ({WI}) ({Best} {Paper} {Social} {Impact} {Award})},
publisher = {AIS Electronic Library (AISel)},
author = {Haunschild, Jasmin and Kaufhold, Marc-André and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2020},
keywords = {Crisis, Ranking-CORE-C, Ranking-VHB-C, Ranking-WKWI-A, Projekt-MAKI, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {1--16},
}

@inproceedings{kaufholdWarningPublicSurvey2020,
title = {Warning the {Public}: {A} {Survey} on {Attitudes}, {Expectations} and {Use} of {Mobile} {Crisis} {Apps} in {Germany}},
url = {http://www.peasec.de/paper/2020/2020_KaufholdHaunschildReuter_WarningthePublic_ECIS.pdf},
abstract = {As part of information systems, the research field of crisis informatics increasingly investigates the potentials and limitations of mobile crisis apps, which constitute a relatively new public service for citizens and are specifically designed for the dissemination of disaster‐related information and communication between authorities, organizations and citizens. While existing crisis apps, such as KATWARN or NINA in Germany, focus on preparatory information and warning functionality, there is a need for apps and research on police-related functionality, such as information on cybercrime, fraud offences, or search for missing persons. Based on a workshop with civil protection (N=12) and police officers (N=15), we designed a questionnaire and conducted a representative survey of German citizens (N=1.219) on the past, current and future use, perceived helpfulness, deployment and behavioural preferences, configurability and most important functionality of mobile crisis apps. Our results indicate that in addition to emergency and weather warnings, crime- and health-related warnings are also desired by many, as is the possibility for bidirectional communication. People also want one central app and are resistant to installing more than one crisis app. Furthermore, there are few significant differences between socioeconomic groups.},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the {European} {Conference} on {Information} {Systems} ({ECIS})},
publisher = {AIS},
author = {Kaufhold, Marc-André and Haunschild, Jasmin and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2020},
keywords = {Crisis, A-Paper, Ranking-VHB-B, Ranking-WKWI-A, Ranking-CORE-A, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-ATHENE-FANCY, Projekt-emergenCITY},
}

@inproceedings{reuterSecureUrbanInfrastructures2020,
address = {Magdeburg},
title = {Towards {Secure} {Urban} {Infrastructures}: {Cyber} {Security} {Challenges} to {Information} and {Communication} {Technology} in {Smart} {Cities}},
url = {https://dl.gi.de/bitstream/handle/20.500.12116/33550/muc2020-ws-408.pdf},
doi = {10.18420/muc2020-ws117-408},
abstract = {The growth of cities continues to be a global megatrend. As more and more people live in urban areas and urban services and infrastructures are under growing strain, technologies are increasingly being researched and used to make city life more efficient and comfortable. As a result, so-called “Smart Cities” have complex IT infrastructures and cyber-physical systems such as sensor/actuator networks for the general population and are developing worldwide. Urban infrastructure must be secured against attacks, ensuring reliable and resilient services for citizens as well as privacy and data security. This paper introduces selected challenges faced by infrastructure providers, citizens and decision-makers in handling attacks aimed at information and communication technologies (ICT) of urban infrastructures and presents current research avenues for tackling cyberattacks and for developing tools for creating, portraying and disseminating actiona-ble information as one important response to security challenges. It then presents findings from a representative survey conducted in Germany (N=1091) on the experiences and perceptions of citizens concerning the relevance of cyberat-tacks will be presented.},
booktitle = {Mensch und {Computer} 2020 - {Workshopband}},
publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.},
author = {Reuter, Christian and Haunschild, Jasmin and Hollick, Matthias and Mühlhäuser, Max and Vogt, Joachim and Kreutzer, Michael},
editor = {Hansen, C. and Nürnberger, A. and Preim, B.},
year = {2020},
keywords = {Crisis, UsableSec, Security, Infrastructure, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban, Projekt-emergenCITY},
pages = {1--7},
}

@article{riebeVeranderungVorratsdatenspeicherungEuropa2020,
title = {Die {Veränderung} der {Vorratsdatenspeicherung} in {Europa}},
volume = {44},
url = {https://www.peasec.de/paper/2020/2020_Riebeetal_VDSinEuropa_DuD.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s11623-020-1275-3},
abstract = {Die Diskussion um die Vorratsdatenspeicherung ist europaweit weiterhin relevant, da es keine einheitliche Gesetzgebung der EU-Mitgliedsstaaten gibt. So werden in einigen EU-Staaten weiterhin Vorratsdaten gespeichert, obwohl der EuGH die Vorratsdatenspeicherung für teilweise rechtswidrig erklärt hat. Dabei unterscheiden sich die Speicherdauer, die erhobenen Daten und die Rechte der Behörden erheblich. Der Beitrag vergleicht den Umgang mit der Vorratsdatenspeicherung in zehn EU- und Schengen-Staaten im Hinblick auf Einführung und Aussetzung, Speicherdauer, Speicherinhalte und Zugriffsrechte.},
number = {5},
journal = {Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD},
author = {Riebe, Thea and Haunschild, Jasmin and Divo, Felix and Lang, Matthias and Roitburd, Gerbert and Franken, Jonas and Reuter, Christian},
year = {2020},
keywords = {Student, Security, Projekt-KontiKat, Peace, Projekt-DualUse, Projekt-ATHENE-SecUrban},
pages = {316--321},
}